Posts Tagged ‘oral drugs’

Generic Name
Clemastine (KLEH-mas-tene) A
Brand Names
DayHist-1    Tavist-1
Tavist    Tavist Allergy
Combination Pr(3dUtj
Generic Ingredients: Acetaminophen + Clemastine + Pseudoephedrine
Tavist Allergy/Sinus/Headache
Type of Drug  Antihistamine.
Prescribed For
Sneezing, stuffy and runny nose, itchy eyes, and scratchy throat caused by seasonal allergies and for other symptoms of allergies such as rash, itching, and hives.
General Information
Antihistamines generally work by blocking the release of naturally occuring histamine (a chemical released by body tissue during an allergic reaction) from cells at the H, histamine receptor site, drying up secretions of the nose, throat, and eyes. Clemastine fumarate is less sedating than most antihistamines, but not less sedating than astemizole, cetirizine, or loratadine.
Cautions and Warnings
Clemastine should not be taken if you are allergic or sensitive to any of its ingredients.
People with asthma or other deep-breathing problems, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, enlarged prostate, glaucoma, stomach ulcers or other stomach problems, and hyperthyroidism should use clemastine with caution because its side effects can aggravate these problems.
Possible Side Effects
✓    Most common: drowsiness; headache; weakness; nervousness; stomach upset; nausea; vomiting; cough; stuffy nose; diarrhea; constipation; sore throat; nosebleeds; and dry mouth, nose, or throat.
✓    Less common: allergic reaction (symptoms include rash, itching, hives, and breathing difficulties), sleeplessness, menstrual irregularities, muscle aches, sweating, tingling in the hands or feet, frequent urination, visual disturbances, and ringing or buzzing in the ears.
Drug Interactions
•    Cbrnbining clemastine with alcohol, sedatives, sleeping pills, or other nervous system depressants may increase the depressant effects of clemastine. Do not combine these drugs.
•    The effects of oral anticoagulant (blood-thinning) drugs may be decreased by clemastine. Do not take this combination without your doctor’s knowledge.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants may increase the drying and other effects of clemastine. This combination can also worsen urinary difficulties.
e When taking antihistamines on a regular basis, notify your doctor if you are taking large amounts of aspirin. Effects of too much aspirin may be masked by the antihistamine.
Food Interactions
Clemastine is best taken on an empty stomach at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating; it may be taken with food if it upsets your stomach.
Usual Dose
Adult and Child (age 12 and over): 1.34 mg twice a day up to 8.04 mg of the syrup or 2.68 mg of the tablets in 24 hours.
Child (age 6-12) (syrup only): 0.67 mg twice a day or up to 4.02 mg a day.
Overdosage
Overdose is likely to cause severe side effects. Overdose victims should be given ipecac syrup—available at any pharmacy—to induce vomiting and should then be taken to a hospital emergency room for treatment. ALWAYS bring the prescription bottle or container.
Special Information
Clemastine may make it difficult for you to concentrate or perform complex tasks such as driving a car. Be sure to report any unusual side effects to your doctor
Antihistamines may occasionally produce excitability, particularly in children.
If you forget to take a dose of clemastine, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the one you forgot and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose.
Special Populations
PregnancylBreast-feedj(IV. DO not take any antihistamines without WU ‘Obtlor’s knowledge if you are or might be pregnant—especially during the last 3 months of pregnancy, because newborns may have severe reactions to antihistamines.
Small amounts of clemastine pass into breast milk. Nursing mothers who must take clemastine should use infant formula.
Seniors: Seniors are more sensitive to side effects.

Generic Name
Clindamycin (klin-duh-MYE-sin)
Brand Names
Cleocin    Clindesse
Cleocin T    Clindets
Clinda-Derm    Evoclin Clindagel
Type of Drug  Antibiotic.
Prescribed For
Serious bacterial infections. The vaginal cream is used to treat bacterial vaginosis. Topical clindamycin is used to treat acne and rosacea.
General Information
Clindamycin is one of the few oral drugs that is effective against anaerobic bacteria, which grow only in the absence of oxygen and are often found in infected wounds, lung abscesses, abdominal infections, and infections of the female genital tract. It also works against bacteria usually treated with penicillin or erythromycin, including serious respiratory tract infections. Clindamycin may be useful for treating certain skin or soft tissue infections. It kills the bacteria that frequently cause acne.
Clindamycin is not used to treat vaginal fungus or yeast infections.
Cautions and Warnings
Do not take clindamycin if you are allergic or sensitive to any of its ingredients or to lincomycin, another antibiotic.
People with asthma or a history of allergies should use clindamycin capsules with caution.
Clindamycin can cause a severe intestina(kmkation called colitis, which can be fatal. Signs of colitis are diarrhea, blood in the Stool, and abdominal cramps. Any form of this drug, including products applied to the skin and the vaginal cream, can provoke colitis. Because of this, clindamycin should be reserved for serious infections or those that cannot be treated with other drugs.
Clindamycin should be used with caution if you have gastrointestinal disease or kidney or liver disease.
Possible Side Effects
Capsules
✓    Most common: stomach pain; nausea-, vomiting-, diarrhea,
in up to 20% of people; and pain when swallowing.
♦    Less common: itching; rash; signs of serious drug sensitivity, such as difficulties breathing and yellowing of the skin or the whites of the eyes; colitis, (see “Cautions and Warnings”); effects on blood components; and joint pain.
Topical Lotion
♦    Most common: dry skin, redness, burning, peeling, oily skin, and itching.
♦    Less common: diarrhea, abdominal pain, upset stomach, and colitis (see “Cautions and Warnings”).
Vaginal Cream
♦    Most common: vaginal itching or irritation; thick, white vaginal discharge; and pain during intercourse.
♦    Less common: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, vertigo, and colitis (see “Cautions and Warnings”).
Drug Interactions
•    Do not combine clindamycin and erythromycin.
•    The absorption of clindamycin capsules into the bloodstream is delayed by Kaolin-Pectin Suspension (prescribed for diarrhea). Separate these drugs by at least 1 hour.
•    clindamycin should be used with caution by people also using neuromuscular agents.
Food Interactions
Take the oral medication with a full glass of water or with food to prevent irritation of the stomach and intestine.
Usual Dose
Capsules
MUIV ) 50-450 mg every 6 hours.
Child (under age 16): 3.5-11 mg per lb. of body weight a day, in 3-4 doses. For severe infections, at least 37.5 mg 3 times a day, regardless of weight.
Foam: Dispense enough to cover the affected area(s) onto a cool surface (the foam will melt on contact with warm skin). Use fin-gertips to massage small amounts into the affected area(s) until the foam disappears.
Suppositories: Insert 1 suppository a day for 3 consecutive days.
Topical Lotion: Wash the skin and pat dry before application. Apply enough to cover the affected area(s) with a thin coat twice a day.
Vaginal Cream: Insert 1 applicator’s worth at bedtime for 7 consecutive days, except for Clindesse, which requires one applicator’s worth once at any time of day.
Overdosage
clindamycin overdose may lead to severe diarrhea and other drug side effects. Do not treat this diarrhea on your own. Discontinue use of this drug and call your local poison center for information. If you go to an emergency room for treatment, ALWAYS bring the prescription bottle or container.
Special Information
Prolonged or unsupervised use of clindamycin may lead to secondary infections from susceptible organisms. such as fungi. Take this drug for the full course of therapy as indicated by your physician.
If you develop severe diarrhea or abdominal pain, call your doctor at once. Call your doctor immediately if you experience breathing difficulties or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes).
Women using the vaginal cream should not have vaginal intercourse or use other vaginal products such as tampons or douches until treatment is complete.
Use of latex condoms or diaphragms within 72 hours following treatment with the vaginal creams or suppositories is not recommended. These products may decrease the efficacy of condoms or diaphragms.
The topical lotion is for external use only. Avoid contact with your eyes or mucous membranes.
If you miss a dose of oral clindamycin, take it as soon as you rememlae~. SSW19 almost time for your next dose of clindamycin, double that dose and go back to your regular dosage schedule.
Special Populations
Pregnancy/Breast-feeding: This drug crosses into fetal blood circulation. When the drug is considered crucial by your doctor, its potential benefits must be carefully weighed against its risks.
clindamycin passes into breast milk. Nursing mothers who must take oral clindamycin should use infant formula.
Seniors: Seniors with other illnesses may be unable to tolerate diarrhea and other clindamycin side effects.

Generic Name
Clonazepam (klon-A-zeh-pam)
Brand Name  Klonopin
Type of Drug  Anticonvulsant.
Prescribed For
Petit mal and other seizures and panic attacks; also prescribed for periodic leg movements during sleep, speaking difficulty associated with Parkinson’s disease, acute manic episodes, nerve pain, and schizophrenia.
General Information
Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine drug. Clonazepam is not used as a sedative or hypnotic. It is used only for the uses described above in people who have not responded to other drug treatments. Tolerance to the effects of clonazepam commonly develops within about 3 months of use. Your doctor may raise your clonazepam dosage periodically to maintain the drug’s effect.
Cautions and Warnings
Do not take clonazepam if you are allergic or sensitive to any of its ingredients or any other benzodiazepine.
When stopping clonazepam treatments, the drug must be discontinued gradually. Abrupt discontinuance of clonazepam may lead to drug withdrawal symptoms including severe seizures, tremors, abdominal or muscle cramps, vomiting, whet increased sweating.
IJSIF,l OfMazeparn with caution if you have a chronic respiratory illness, since the drug tends to increase salivation and other respiratory secretions and can make breathing more labored.
Avoid using clonazepam if you have severe depression, severe lung disease, sleep apnea (intermittent cessation of breathing during sleep), liver disease, alcoholism, or kidney disease. These conditions may exacerbate the depressive effects of benzodiazepines, and such effects may be detrimental to your overall
condition.
Clonazepam can aggravate narrow-angle glaucoma, but if you have open-angle glaucoma, you may take it.
Possible Side Effects
♦    Most common: drowsiness, poor muscle control, and behavioral changes.
✓    Rare: Rare side effects can occur in almost any part of the body but are most likely to affect mental function, stomach and intestines, urinary function, blood, and liver. Contact your doctor if you experience any side effect not listed above.
Drug Interactions
•    The depressant effects of clonazepam are increased by sedatives, sleeping pills, narcotic pain relievers, antihistamines, alcohol, monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, and other anticonvulsants.
•    Mixing valproic acid and clonazepam may produce severe petit mal seizures.
•    Smoking, phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazapine, and rifampin may reduce clonazepam’s effectiveness.
•    Clonazepam may increase the requirement for other anticonvulsant drugs in people who suffer from multiple types of seizures.
•    The effects of clonazepam may be prolonged when it is taken with cimetidine, contraceptive drugs, disulfiram, fluvoxamine, isoniazid, oral antifungal medications (e.g. ketoconazole), metoprolol, probenecid, propoxyphene, or propranolol.
•    Theophylline may reduce clonazepam’s sedative effects.
•    Separate antacids from y<3kwc_%1Dnazepam dose by at least 1 bZldi %prevent them from interfering with clonazepam being absorbed into the bloodstream.
•    Clonazepam may increase blood levels of digoxin and the risk of digoxin toxicity.
•    Clonazepam may decrease the effect of levodopa + carbidopa.
Food Interactions
Clonazepam is best taken on an empty stomach but may be taken with food if it upsets your stomach.
Usual Dose
Clonazepam is available in either tablets or orally disintegrating tablets, called wafers. Wafers should not be opened until immediately before the dose is to be taken. Do not push the wafer through the foil. Use dry hands to remove the wafer. The wafer will disintegrate quickly in saliva.
Seizures
Adult and Child (age 10 and over): starting dose    0.5 mg 3 times a day. The dose is increased by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days until seizures are controlled or side effects develop. The maximum daily dose is 20 mg.
Panic attacks
Adult and Child (age 10 and over): starting dose-0.25 mg twice daily. The dose is increased to 1 mg a day after 3 days. Most people do not require a higher dose.
Child (under age 10 or below 66 Ms.): starting dose-0.0220.066 mg per lb. of body weight a day in divided doses. Dosage can be increased gradually to a daily dose of 0.22-0.44 mg per lb. of body weight.
Other uses for clonazepam involve doses from 0.5-16 mg a day, depending on the condition and its severity. Clonazepam dosage must be reduced in people with impaired kidney function.
Overdosage
Overdose may cause confusion, coma, poor reflexes, sleepiness, low blood pressure, labored breathing, and other depressive effects. If the overdose is discovered within a few minutes and the victim is still conscious, it may be helpful to induce vomiting with ipecac syrup—available at any pharmacy. Overdose victims must be taken to a hospital emergency room. ALWAYS bring the prescription bottle or contai”iaT.
Special Information
Clonazepam may interfere with your ability to drive or perform other complex tasks because it can cause drowsiness and difficulty in concentrating.
Your doctor should perform periodic blood counts and liver function tests while you are taking this drug to check for possible
side effects.
Do not suddenly stop taking clonazepam—severe seizures may result. The dosage must be discontinued gradually by your doctor.
If you miss a dose by 1 hour or less, take it right away. Otherwise, skip the dose you forgot and go back to your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose.
Carry identification or wear a bracelet indicating that you have a seizure disorder for which you take clonazepam.
Special Populations
Pregnancy/Breast-feeding: Clonazepam crosses into the fetal circulation and can affect the fetus. Women who are or might be pregnant should avoid it. When the drug is considered crucial by your doctor, its potential benefits must be carefully weighed against its risks.
Some reports suggest a strong link between anticonvulsant drugs and birth defects, though most of the information pertains to phenytoin and phenobarbital, not clonazepam. It is also possible that the epileptic condition itself or genetic factors common to people with seizure disorders may figure in the higher incidence of birth defects.
Clonazepam may pass into breast milk. Nursing mothers who must take this drug should use infant formula.
Seniors: Seniors, especially those with liver or kidney disease, are more sensitive to the effects of this drug—especially dizziness and drowsiness—and may require smaller doses.

halothane A potent non-inflammable inhalation anaesthetic. It suppresses mucous and bronchial secretions, and reduces capillary bleeding. It has sonic muscle-relaxant properties, but in major surgery, supplementary treatment with a muscle relaxant is necessary. Halothane may cause some cardiac irregularities, but an occasional serious side-effect is severe hepatotoxicity, particularly after further exposure to the drug within periods of 441 weeks. Such susceptibility cannot yet be detected, so great care is necessary in any cases of liver dysfunction.
(Fluothane).
hamamelis An extract of witch hazel leaves referred to as harnarnelis or witch hazel water is used as a soothing application for bruises and sprains.
Hartmann’s solution An electrolyte-replacement solution containing sodium lactate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride.
heparin The natural anticoagulant obtained front lung and liver tissue. It is widely used in deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Dose: by i.v. injection 5000 units initially, followed by 1000-2000 units hourly by i.v. infusion, or 15000 units by s.c. injection 12-hourly under laboratory control. Prophylactic dose before surgery 5000 units, then 5000 units every 8-12 hours for 7 days. Overdosage call be controlled by the i.v. injection of prolamine sulphate. Treatment with heparin may be combined with that of oral anticoagulants such as phenindione or warfarin to provide immediate action before the slow-acting oral drugs begin to take effect. Occasional side-effects include hypersensitivity reactions and alopecia. Heparin is a complex polysaccharide, but certain fragments of that large molecule retain sonic anticoagulant activity, and are referred to as low molecular weight heparins. They are used mainly in the prophylaxis of venous thrombo-embolism, as they have a longer
action than standard heparin. They are given by once-daily s.c. injection, and laboratory control of the bleeding time is not necessary. The dose varies to some extent with the product used.
hepatitis A & 8 vaccines Inactivated hepatitis virus antigens for the protection of individuals highly exposed to the infections. Dose: see data sheets. (I iaverix A;
kncigix B; II–B–Vax).
theroin See diamorphine.
hetastarch A soluble modified starch that is used as a 6% solution with 0.9% sodium chloride as a plasma volume expander. Dose: 500-1500 nil daily by i.v. infusion, up to a maximum of 20 mltkg daily. It is excreted by the kidneys, and care must be taken to avoid circulatory overload. Not for use in congestive heart failure or renal insufficiency. Side-effects are vomiting, chills, fever and urticaria. (clol-IAES; Hespan).
hexachlorophene A slow-acting antiseptic used for skin sterilization, and present in sonic medicated soaps.
hexamine (methenamine) A formaldehyde derivative of low toxicity, occasionally used as a urinary antiseptic. Dose: 2 g daily. It is usually given as hexamine hippurate to ensure the necessary acidification ol’the urine. (Iliprex).
histamine A compound present in a bound form in all mammalian tissues; its release is probably the ultimate cause of many allergic conditions.
histamine H,-receptor antagonists See antihistamines. See page 110 and Table 2.
histamine Hz -receptor antagonists Drugs that (litter from conventional antihistamines in having a selective blocking action on receptors ill the gastric cells that secrete acid. They are widely used in the treatment of peptic ulcer and other conditions requiring a reduction in gastric acid secretion. See page 162 and Table 27.
homatropine An atropine derivative with a similar but more rapid mydriatic action (15-30 minutes), but a shorter duration of effect of about 24 hours. Eye drops
(1-2%) sometimes with cocaine.

hyaluronidase A ’spreading’ factor used to increase the absorption of large-volume s.c. injections. The injection of 1500 units of hyaluronidase, either into the injection site or mixed with the injection fluid, will promote the absorption of 500-1000 mL of electrolyte solution by s.c. drip infusion. (Hyalase).
hydralazine A vasodilator that is useful in the supplementary treatment of hypertension.
Dose: 50- 100 nig daily, usually with a IlliaUide diuretic or a beta-blocking agent. Also given in hypertensive crisis by slots, i.v. injection in doses of 5-10 mg; over-rapid injection may cause a marked fall in blood pressure. Side-effects are nausea, tachycardia and fluid retention (less likely with low doses), but a lupus erythematOSLIS- like syndromemay occur with extended high-dose therapy. (Apresoline). See page 148 and “Fable 21.
hydrochlorothiazide A thiazide diuretic that brings about it marked increase in the excretion of salts and water, and is of value in congestive heart failure and other oedematous conditions. It is also of value iii    as it reduces peripheral resistance, and potentiates the action of some other antihypertensive drugs.
Dose: 50-111(1 Ing daily initially in
oedenia; maintenance dose 25-50 mg daily or oil alternate days. III hypertension, 25-30 Ing daily according to need.
I lydrochlorolhiazidc, like other thiazid”, Increases the excretion of potassium as well as sodium, and in extended treatment supplementary treatment with potassium chloride or effervescent potassium tablets may be required. Side-effects include nausea, rash, dizziness and photosensitivity. (I lydroSaluric). See page 148
and ‘I able 21.
acute lyniphoblastic leukaemia and some lymphomas. In common with some other corticosteroids, hydrocortisone inhibits organ-transplant rejection and in high doses it is given to control incipient rejection.
Dose: varies considerably according to need: for replacement therapy, 20-30 mg daily: in shock, 100-300 mg or more by slow i.v. injection, repeated as required. Side-effects are numerous and include hypertension, oedema, mental disturbances, re-activation of peptic ulcer, muscle weakness and diabetes. Cushing’s syndrome may occur with high doses.
I I ydrocortisone, unlike cortisone, is active topically, in(] is used as eye drops 0.3% (usually with an antibiotic), ointment and cream (0.50/o and 11M, often with an antibiotic to control any secondary infection.
hydroflumethiazide A thiazide diuretic N,ith the actions, uses and side-effects of bendrofluazide.
Dose: 25- 100 nig daily in (lie morning; 25-50 Ing daily in hypertension.
ff lydrenox). See page 148.
hydrogen peroxide solution It contains 5-7% of H 02
, equivalent to about 20 volumes oJ oxygen. It has antiseptic and deodorizing properties, and is used mainly for cleaning wounds. It is also used as a mouthwash (diluted 1:7), and as ear drops (1:4 in water or 501% alcohol).
thydromorphone A potent opioid analgesic of the morphine type. Dose: in severe pain 1.3-2.6 Ing 4 t,-hourly. Walladone).
hydrotalcite Aluminium magnesium hydroxide carbonate. An antacid used in dyspepsia and related conditions.
Dose: I g as required.
55
hydrocortisone The principal corticosteroid, also known as cortisol, that is secreted by the adrenal cortex. It plays a major role in the metabolism of glucose, protein and calcium, in maintaining the electrolyte balance, and in reducing inflammatory and allergic responses. It is used in all cases of adrenocortical insufficiency, including Addison’s disease and after adrenalectomy. It is also used in anaphylactic shock, asthma, rheumatoid disease and allergic states. It is valuable in
hydroxocobalamin A derivative of eydnu,obdlaniin, and now the preferred form of vitamin B,, as it has a more prolonged action.
Dose: in pernicious anaemia and other vitamin 13, deficiency states, I Ing initially ian. repeated 5 times at intervals of 2-3 days; maintenance dose 1 mg by I’ll’
by )CC- Lion every 3 months. It is also given
prophylactically after total gastrectonly. (Cobalin-H; NCO-Cytalliell). See
page 112.

hydroxyapatite A natural substance with a mineral composition somewhat similar to that of bone. It is used as a source of calcium and phosphorus in osteoporosis and other deficiency states. Tablets of 830 mg are available. (Ossopan).
hypermotility of the gastrointestinal tract, and may be useful in spasmodic dysmenorrhoea.
Dose: 40-80 mg daily; in acute spasm, .10 mg by injection. (Buscopan).
hydroxychloroquine An antimalarial with the actions, uses and side-effects of chloroquine. It is also useful in rheumatoid arthritis in doses of 200-400mg daily, and in lupus erythematosus, but side-effects are numerous, and treatment requires expert supervision. (Plaquenil). See page 165.
hypromellose A cellulose-derivative that dissolves in water to form a viscid, colloidal solution. Such a solution is used as a base for eye drops to extend the action of a dissolved ophthalmic drug; to lubricate contact lenses; and to act as a lubricant in chronic, sore eye conditions.
5-hydroxytryptamine See serotonin.
hydroxurea (hydrocarbamide) A cytotoxic agent sometimes used in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Dose: 20- 30 mg/kg as a single dose daily or 80 nig/kg every third day. Side-effects are nausea, skin reactions and myelo- suppression. (Hydrea). See page 122 and Table 8.
hydroxyzine A mild tranquillizer with some sedative and antihistaminic properties. It is given in the short-term treatment of anxiety, and in pruritus and dermatoses complicated by emotional tension. Dose: 50-400 mg daily. It has the side-effects of the antihistamines, and is not recommended where some sedation is undesirable. (Atarax; Ucerax). See page 117 and Table 3.
hyoscine (scopolamine) An alkaloid obtained from plants of the belladonna group. It is a powerful hypnotic and is widely used together with papaveretum for premedication before anaesthesia in doses of 300-600 pg by s.c. or i.m. injection. It has some antiemetic properties, and is useful in travel sickness and vertigo. Dose: 300 mg 30 minutes before starting the iourney, followed by up to 3 doses 6-hourly. Scopoderm is a patch of 500 pg. Thc side-effects of mouth dryness and dizziness are those of the anticholinergic drugs generally. It is contraindicated in glaucoma. It is used occasionally in terminal care for bowel colic and excessive respiratory secretions. Dose: 600 pg-2.4 mg daily by s.c. infusion.
hyoscine butylbromide A derivative of hyoscine that differs in lacking any central action. It is given in spasm and
I
ibuprofen A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) widely used in rheumatoid and arthritic conditions. It is also given as an analgesic for mild to moderate pain, but not for acute gout. Dose: 1.8 g daily initially; lly; maintenance duos, 600 lllg-L2 daily after food. A 5% cream is available for local use. The sideeflicts are those of the NSAID& generally. (BrUlen; Feribid). See page 165.
ichthammol A thick, dark brown liquid with a characteristic odour, derived from certain bituminous oils. It is a mild antiseptic and is used mainly in chronic eczema as a 100A, ointment or zinc paste. A solution (10% in glycerin) has been used oil ulcers and inflamed areas.
idarubicin A potent cytotoxic agent similar in actions and uses to doxorubicin. It is given orally and i.v. in acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia, breast cancer, and as second-line therapy in acute lymphatic leukaemia. Dose is based on skin area. (Zavedos). See page 122 and Table 8.
idoxuridine An antiviral agent now virtually superseded by acyclovir and related drugs. Used occasionally in herpes zoster skin infection by local application of a 5% solution. See page 144 and Table 19.

fosfamide A derivative of cyclophosphamide with similar actions and uses. It is effective in lung, ovary, breast and soft-tissue tumours, as well as some malignant lymphomas.